助動詞

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助動詞(英語:auxiliary verb、英文簡稱:aux)是一種可以改變主要動詞意義或時態的一組動詞,在印歐語系語言中非常常見。例如英語中的have、can、will、must等。這些助動詞不能自己單獨使用,必須要與另外一個動詞配合使用才有意義。又助動詞在句子中有其固定的出現位置,例如:在直述句中,助動詞通常會出現在主詞之後,但卻在動詞之前: "You must go home tonight." 這個句子中,you 是主詞,must 是助動詞,go 是動詞。另外與助動詞連用的動詞,必須以動詞原形或分詞形式呈現。

下面是助動詞為現在式和過去式比較:

      現在式 過去式
      can → could
      will → would
      may → might
      shall → should(注:shall=will有未來之意。should通常用於現在式,表應該之意)
      do/does → did
      have/has → had

參考文獻[编辑]

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