鍺的同位素

**主要的鍺同位素**
標準原子質量（英语：Standard atomic weight） (Ar, 標準)	72.630(8);
←Ga（31）	As（33）→
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鍺（Ge，原子量：72.630(8)）共有45個同位素，其中有4個同位素是穩定的。

圖表[编辑]

符號	Z（ p ）	N（ n ）	同位素質量（u）	半衰期^{[n 1]}	衰變方式^[3]^{[n 2]}	衰變產物^{[n 3]}	原子核自旋	相對豐度（莫耳分率）	相對豐度的變化量（莫耳分率）
符號	激發能量			半衰期^{[n 1]}	衰變方式^[3]^{[n 2]}	衰變產物^{[n 3]}	原子核自旋	相對豐度（莫耳分率）	相對豐度的變化量（莫耳分率）
⁵⁸Ge	32	26	57.99101(34)#		2p	⁵⁶Zn	0+
⁵⁹Ge	32	27	58.98175(30)#		2p	⁵⁷Zn	7/2−#
⁶⁰Ge	32	28	59.97019(25)#	30# ms	β⁺	⁶⁰Ga	0+
⁶⁰Ge	32	28	59.97019(25)#	30# ms	2p	⁵⁸Zn	0+
⁶¹Ge	32	29	60.96379(32)#	39(12) ms	β⁺, p (80%)	⁶⁰Zn	(3/2−)#
⁶¹Ge	32	29	60.96379(32)#	39(12) ms	β⁺ (20%)	⁶¹Ga	(3/2−)#
⁶²Ge	32	30	61.95465(15)#	129(35) ms	β⁺	⁶²Ga	0+
⁶³Ge	32	31	62.94964(21)#	142(8) ms	β⁺	⁶³Ga	(3/2−)#
⁶⁴Ge	32	32	63.94165(3)	63.7(25) s	β⁺	⁶⁴Ga	0+
⁶⁵Ge	32	33	64.93944(11)	30.9(5) s	β⁺ (99.99%)	⁶⁵Ga	(3/2)−
⁶⁵Ge	32	33	64.93944(11)	30.9(5) s	β⁺, p (.01%)	⁶⁴Zn	(3/2)−
⁶⁶Ge	32	34	65.93384(3)	2.26(5) h	β⁺	⁶⁶Ga	0+
⁶⁷Ge	32	35	66.932734(5)	18.9(3) min	β⁺	⁶⁷Ga	1/2−
^67m1Ge	18.20(5) keV			13.7(9) µs			5/2−
^67m2Ge	751.70(6) keV			110.9(14) ns			9/2+
⁶⁸Ge^{[n 4]}	32	36	67.928094(7)	270.95(16) d	ε	⁶⁸Ga	0+
⁶⁹Ge	32	37	68.9279645(14)	39.05(10) h	β⁺	⁶⁹Ga	5/2−
^69m1Ge	86.765(14) keV			5.1(2) µs			1/2−
^69m2Ge	397.944(18) keV			2.81(5) µs			9/2+
⁷⁰Ge	32	38	69.9242474(11)	稳定			0+	0.2038(18)
⁷¹Ge	32	39	70.9249510(11)	11.43(3) d	ε	⁷¹Ga	1/2−
^71mGe	198.367(10) keV			20.40(17) ms	IT	⁷¹Ge	9/2+
⁷²Ge	32	40	71.9220758(18)	稳定			0+	0.2731(26)
^72mGe	691.43(4) keV			444.2(8) ns			0+
⁷³Ge	32	41	72.9234589(18)	稳定			9/2+	0.0776(8)
^73m1Ge	13.2845(15) keV			2.92(3) µs			5/2+
^73m2Ge	66.726(9) keV			499(11) ms			1/2−
74 Ge	32	42	73.9211778(18)	稳定			0+	0.3672(15)
⁷⁵Ge	32	43	74.9228589(18)	82.78(4) min	β⁻	⁷⁵As	1/2−
^75m1Ge	139.69(3) keV			47.7(5) s	IT (99.97%)	⁷⁵Ge	7/2+
^75m1Ge	139.69(3) keV			47.7(5) s	β⁻	⁷⁵As	7/2+
^75m2Ge	192.18(7) keV			216(5) ns			5/2+
⁷⁶Ge^{[n 5]}	32	44	75.9214026(18)	1.78(8)×10²¹ y	β⁻β⁻	⁷⁶Se	0+	0.0783(7)
⁷⁷Ge	32	45	76.9235486(18)	11.30(1) h	β⁻	⁷⁷As	7/2+
^77mGe	159.70(10) keV			52.9(6) s	β⁻ (79%)	⁷⁷As	1/2−
^77mGe	159.70(10) keV			52.9(6) s	IT (21%)	⁷⁷Ge	1/2−
⁷⁸Ge	32	46	77.922853(4)	88(1) min	β⁻	⁷⁸As	0+
⁷⁹Ge	32	47	78.9254(1)	18.98(3) s	β⁻	⁷⁹As	(1/2)−
^79mGe	185.95(4) keV			39.0(10) s	β⁻ (96%)	⁷⁹As	(7/2+)#
^79mGe	185.95(4) keV			39.0(10) s	IT (4%)	⁷⁹Ge	(7/2+)#
⁸⁰Ge	32	48	79.92537(3)	29.5(4) s	β⁻	⁸⁰As	0+
⁸¹Ge	32	49	80.92882(13)	7.6(6) s	β⁻	⁸¹As	9/2+#
^81mGe	679.13(4) keV			7.6(6) s	β⁻ (99%)	⁸¹As	(1/2+)
^81mGe	679.13(4) keV			7.6(6) s	IT (1%)	⁸¹Ge	(1/2+)
⁸²Ge	32	50	81.92955(26)	4.55(5) s	β⁻	⁸²As	0+
⁸³Ge	32	51	82.93462(21)#	1.85(6) s	β⁻	⁸³As	(5/2+)#
⁸⁴Ge	32	52	83.93747(32)#	0.947(11) s	β⁻ (89.2%)	⁸⁴As	0+
⁸⁴Ge	32	52	83.93747(32)#	0.947(11) s	β⁻, n (10.8%)	⁸³As	0+
⁸⁵Ge	32	53	84.94303(43)#	535(47) ms	β⁻ (86%)	⁸⁵As	5/2+#
⁸⁵Ge	32	53	84.94303(43)#	535(47) ms	β⁻, n (14%)	⁸⁴As	5/2+#
⁸⁶Ge	32	54	85.94649(54)#	>150 ns	β⁻, n	⁸⁵As	0+
⁸⁶Ge	32	54	85.94649(54)#	>150 ns	β⁻	⁸⁶As	0+
⁸⁷Ge	32	55	86.95251(54)#	0.14# s			5/2+#
⁸⁸Ge	32	56	87.95691(75)#	>=300 ns			0+
⁸⁹Ge	32	57	88.96383(97)#	>150 ns			3/2+#

備註：畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明，只是理論推測而已，而用括號括起來的代表數據不確定性。

←	同位素列表	→
鎵的同位素	鍺的同位素	砷的同位素

註釋[编辑]

^ Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)
^ Abbreviations:
EC: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
^ Bold for stable isotopes
^ Used to generate ⁶⁸Ga
^ Primordial radionuclide

参考文獻[编辑]

^ M. Agostini; et al. Final Results of GERDA on the Two-Neutrino Double-β Decay Half-Life of ⁷⁶Ge. Physical Review Letters (American Physical Society (APS)). 2023-10-03, 131 (14). ISSN 0031-9007. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.131.142501.
^ Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
^ Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-09-13]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.

Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.

[3] Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)

[5] Abbreviations:
EC: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition

[6] Bold for stable isotopes

[7] Used to generate ⁶⁸Ga

[8] Primordial radionuclide

[1] M. Agostini; et al. Final Results of GERDA on the Two-Neutrino Double-β Decay Half-Life of ⁷⁶Ge. Physical Review Letters (American Physical Society (APS)). 2023-10-03, 131 (14). ISSN 0031-9007. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.131.142501.

[CIAAW2013-2] Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.

[4] Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-09-13]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.

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