非诺特罗

**非诺特罗**
臨床資料
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex详细消费者药物信息
给药途径	Inhalation (MDI（英语：Metered-dose inhaler）)
ATC碼	R03AC04 (WHO) G02CA03;
法律規範狀態
法律規範	澳：限药剂师（S3）; 加：处方药（℞-only）; 英：处方药（℞-only） (POM); 美：处方药（℞-only）;
藥物動力學數據
生物半衰期	6.5小時左右
识别信息
	IUPAC命名法 (RR,SS)-5-(1-hydroxy-2-{[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methylethyl]amino}ethyl)benzene-1,3-diol; ;
CAS号	13392-18-2
PubChem CID	3343;
IUPHAR/BPS	557;
DrugBank	DB01288 ;
ChemSpider	3226 ;
UNII	22M9P70OQ9;
KEGG	D04157 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:149226 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL32800 ;
CompTox Dashboard（英语：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)	DTXSID4023046 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.205.960
化学信息
化学式	C17H21NO4
摩尔质量	303.35 g/mol
3D模型（JSmol（英语：JSmol））	交互式图像;
	SMILES Oc1cc(cc(O)c1)C(O)CNC(C)Cc2ccc(O)cc2;
	InChI InChI=1S/C17H21NO4/c1-11(6-12-2-4-14(19)5-3-12)18-10-17(22)13-7-15(20)9-16(21)8-13/h2-5,7-9,11,17-22H,6,10H2,1H3 ; Key:LSLYOANBFKQKPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;

非诺特罗（Fenoterol）是一種用來擴張呼吸道的β₂肾上腺素受体激动药。非诺特罗屬於拟交感神经药 β₂ 刺激劑和氣喘藥。

非诺特罗由勃林格殷格翰製造和銷售，商品名稱為：Berotec N （備勞喘）。製造商有時也會把非诺特罗與ipratropium混和後銷售，商品名稱為 Berodual N （備喘全）。

醫學用途[编辑]

非诺特罗是短效的 β₂刺激劑。當非诺特罗使用超過建議的醫療用劑量（每日最多只能吸入八劑、每劑量需間隔至少五分鐘，若氣喘狀況沒好轉，則再吸入第二劑^[5]）時，也會成為β₁ 受體（英语：Beta-1 adrenergic receptor）刺激劑。

使用者可以於運動前吸入一劑，預防稍後因運動所誘發的氣喘（氣管痙攣）。^[6]

副作用[编辑]

已知曾有患者在急性氣喘發作時吸入了高達80劑的非诺特罗，最終因而死亡。當患者發現非诺特罗已經無法緩解氣喘時，應當停止吸入非诺特罗，並盡快就醫。^[7]^[8]

參見[编辑]

運動引起的氣喘（英语：Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction）

文獻來源[编辑]

^ Fenoterol Hydrobromide Drug Information, Professional. Drugs.com. 1996-01-01 [2018-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-25）.
^ Fenoterol - Drug Monograph. DrugInfoSys.com. 2016-10-27 [2018-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-27）.
^ Berotec Inhalation Solution (Fenoterol HBr). RxMed.com. [2018-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-20）.
^ Svedmyr, Nils. Fenoterol: A Beta2-adrenergic Agonist for Use in Asthma; Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Clinical Efficacy and Adverse Effects. Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy (Wiley). 1985-05-06, 5 (3): 109–126. ISSN 0277-0008. doi:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1985.tb03409.x.
^ Berotec N/Concise Prescribing Info/Full Prescribing info. 2018-02-28 [2018-02-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-23）. Dosage / Direction for Use：
Acute Asthma Episodes: 1 puff is sufficient for prompt symptom relief in most cases, if breathing has not noticeably improved after 5 minutes, a second dose may be taken, up to a maximum of 8 puffs per day. If an attack has not been relieved by 2 puffs, further puffs may be required. In this situation, patients should consult the doctor or the nearest hospital immediately. (See Precautions).
Prophylaxis of Exercise Induced Asthma: 1-2 puffs prior to exercise, up to a maximum of 8 puffs per day.
Bronchial Asthma and Other Conditions with Reversible Airways Narrowing: If repeated dosing is required, 1-2 puffs for each administration, up to a maximum of 8 puffs per day.
^ Management of acute exacerbations of asthma in adults. UpToDate. [2018-06-25]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-25）.
^ Beasley R, Pearce N, Crane J, Burgess C. Withdrawal of 非诺特罗 and the end of the New Zealand asthma mortality epidemic. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology. 1995, 107 (1-3): 325–7. PMID 7613161. doi:10.1159/000237016.
^ Spitzer WO, Suissa S, Ernst P, et al. The use of beta-agonists and the risk of death and near death from asthma. The New England Journal of Medicine. February 1992, 326 (8): 501–6. PMID 1346340. doi:10.1056/NEJM199202203260801.

[Drugs.com_1996-1] Fenoterol Hydrobromide Drug Information, Professional. Drugs.com. 1996-01-01 [2018-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-25）.

[DrugInfoSys.com_2016-2] Fenoterol - Drug Monograph. DrugInfoSys.com. 2016-10-27 [2018-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-27）.

[RxMed.com-3] Berotec Inhalation Solution (Fenoterol HBr). RxMed.com. [2018-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-20）.

[Svedmyr_pp._109–126-4] Svedmyr, Nils. Fenoterol: A Beta2-adrenergic Agonist for Use in Asthma; Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Clinical Efficacy and Adverse Effects. Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy (Wiley). 1985-05-06, 5 (3): 109–126. ISSN 0277-0008. doi:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1985.tb03409.x.

[5] Berotec N/Concise Prescribing Info/Full Prescribing info. 2018-02-28 [2018-02-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-23）. Dosage / Direction for Use：
Acute Asthma Episodes: 1 puff is sufficient for prompt symptom relief in most cases, if breathing has not noticeably improved after 5 minutes, a second dose may be taken, up to a maximum of 8 puffs per day. If an attack has not been relieved by 2 puffs, further puffs may be required. In this situation, patients should consult the doctor or the nearest hospital immediately. (See Precautions).
Prophylaxis of Exercise Induced Asthma: 1-2 puffs prior to exercise, up to a maximum of 8 puffs per day.
Bronchial Asthma and Other Conditions with Reversible Airways Narrowing: If repeated dosing is required, 1-2 puffs for each administration, up to a maximum of 8 puffs per day.

[UpToDate-6] Management of acute exacerbations of asthma in adults. UpToDate. [2018-06-25]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-25）.

[pmid7613161-7] Beasley R, Pearce N, Crane J, Burgess C. Withdrawal of 非诺特罗 and the end of the New Zealand asthma mortality epidemic. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology. 1995, 107 (1-3): 325–7. PMID 7613161. doi:10.1159/000237016.

[pmid1346340-8] Spitzer WO, Suissa S, Ernst P, et al. The use of beta-agonists and the risk of death and near death from asthma. The New England Journal of Medicine. February 1992, 326 (8): 501–6. PMID 1346340. doi:10.1056/NEJM199202203260801.

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