English: Known Neanderthal range in Europe (blue), Southwest Asia (orange), Uzbekistan (green), and the Altai mountains (violet), as inferred by their skeletal remains (not stone tools). For sources, please see User:Nicolas_Perrault_III/List_of_Neanderthals

In the English Channel, Crimea, the Caucasus, Southwest Asia, Uzbekistan, and the Altai Mountains, tiny single-pixel black points indicate sites where Neanderthal bones have been found. In Europe, only one or two single-pixel points per country is depicted.

In the English Channel:

• La Cotte de St-Brelade (Jersey, 13 teeth of single adult)
• Krijn, Dutch waters

In Crimea:

• Kiik-Koba
• Zaskal'naya

In the Russian Caucasus:

• Mezmaiskaya

In Georgia:

• Bronze Cave
• Dzhruchula
• Ortvale Klde
• Sakazia

In Armenia:

• Yerevan

In Turkey:

• Karain Cave (four teeth)

In Lebanon:

• Ksâr 'Akil (teeth and partial maxilla)
• El Masloukh (Lebanon, one tooth)

In Israel and the West Bank:

• Kebara (Kebara 2 and many others)
• Shuqba (tooth and cranial fragments)
• Tabun (nearly complete adult and many others)
• Ein Qashish (lower limbs)
• Shovakh (tooth)
• Amud (nearly complete adult and others)

In Syria:

• Dederiyeh (two infants, among others)

In Iraq:

• Shanidar Cave

In Iran:

• Bisitun

In Uzbekistan:

• Teshik-Tash (juvenile skeleton)
• Obi-Rakhmat (skull fragments and teeth)

In Asian Russia:

• Chagyrskaya (partial mandible)
• Okladnik'ov (humerus and femur)
• Denisova (genetically identified fragments)

Europe has so many Neanderthals, that I am still in the process of indexing them (see User:Nicolas_Perrault_III/List_of_Neanderthals). For a country to be in blue here, a Neanderthal bone must be found on the mainland (thus excluding for the Netherlands the Neanderthal found in the water). In Greece, although the Peloponnesus is connected to the mainland, and indeed is part of it, only that peninsula is coloured. This is to show that there is a gap in the Balkans. To include a country in Europe on this map, only one example is required (these are also represented by black single-pixel dots on the map):

• France: Arcy-sur-Cure
• Britain: Bontnewydd
• Belgium: Spy
• Germany: Neandertal
• Spain: Sidrón
• Portugal: Figueira Brava
• Italy: Monte Circeo
• Switzerland: Cotencher
• Hungary: Subalyuk (in Hungarian)
• Czechia: Kůlna
• Slovakia: Gánovce
• Poland: Stajnia Cave
• Croatia: Krapina and Vindija
• Serbia: Pešturina
• Montenegro: Crvena stijena (in Bosnian)
• Bulgaria: Kozarnika
• Romania: Ohaba-Ponor
• Greece (Peloponnesus): Kalamakia, Mani Peninsula

The following countries, as of the cited dates, had no Neanderthal remains. Among other sources, this is according to the Catalogue of Fossil Hominids (1970), and an Update to this Catalogue for ex-USSR countries (1992). It is possible that Neanderthals were discovered more recently in these countries, but I found no article to that effect.

• Netherlands: 2009 (Many news sources claimed the "first Dutch Neanderthal" in 2009 when Krijn was said a Neanderthal. But this was not on the mainland.)
• Austria: 1969
• Luxemburg: 1969
• Ukraine (excluding Crimea): 1992