美國銀色軍團

美國銀色軍團
美國銀色軍團; Silver Legion of America
其他名稱	銀衫軍; Silver Shirts
Leader	威廉·達德利·佩利（英語：William Dudley Pelley）
成立	1933年1月31日
解散	1941
總部	美國北卡羅來納州阿什維爾
黨報	· Liberation; · Pelley's Silvershirt Weekly; · The Galilean; · The New Liberator
黨團	基督教黨（英語：Christian Party (United States, 1930s)）
黨員	15,000 (約 1934); 100,000 (claimed)
意識形態	基督教法西斯主義 ; 教權法西斯主義; 種族隔離; 白人民族主義; 孤立主義
政治立場	極右
宗教信仰	基督宗教
地區組織	美國中西部及美國太平洋沿岸地區有小股社群
官方色彩	銀色, 深紅及藍色
口號	忠誠、解放與軍團; Loyalty, Liberation, and Legion
黨歌	"共和國戰歌"
黨旗
	美國政治; 政黨 · 選舉

美國銀色軍團（英語：Silver Legion of America），俗稱銀衫軍（英語：Silver Shirts），是美國法西斯和納粹同情者的地下組織。由威廉·達德利·佩利（英語：William Dudley Pelley）創立，總部設在北卡羅來納州阿什維爾。 ^[16]

參見[編輯]

參考[編輯]

註腳[編輯]

^ Beekman, Scott. William Dudley Pelley: A Life in Right-Wing Extremism and the Occult. Syracuse University Press. 2005-10-17: 2–3, 80–81, 87, 94, 162, 174, 206 [2023-04-21]. ISBN 978-0-8156-0819-6. （原始內容存檔於2023-05-15）（英語）.
^ Elliston, J. (2019, July 15). Asheville's Fascist. Retrieved from https://wncmagazine.com/feature/asheville’s_fascist （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
^ http://www.ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/THR-SS1.PDF （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） "The Silver Shirts: Their History, Founder, and Axtivities". August 24, 1933
^ Schultz, Will. William Dudley Pelley (1885-1965). North Carolina History Project. [2020-02-04]. （原始內容存檔於2023-03-27）. 已忽略未知參數|df= (幫助)
^ Barkun, Michael. Religion and the Racist Right: The Origins of the Christian Identity Movement. UNC Press Books. 1997: 91. ISBN 9780807846384.
^ Silver Shirts. Holocaust Online. [November 14, 2017]. （原始內容存檔於2019-06-14）.
^ Bernstein, Arnie. 6 Things You May Not Have Known About Nazis in America. The History Reader. October 7, 2013 [November 14, 2017]. （原始內容存檔於2019-09-25）.
^ ^8.0 ^8.1 Schultz, Will. William Dudley Pelley (1885-1965). North Carolina History Project. [November 14, 2017]. （原始內容存檔於2023-03-27）.
^ Lemmon, Sarah McCulloh. The Ideology of the 'Dixiecrat' Movement. Social Forces. December 1951, 30 (2): 162–71. JSTOR 2571628. doi:10.2307/2571628.
^ Lobb, David. Fascist apocalypse: William Pelley and millennial extremism (PDF). Journal of Millennial Studies. 1999, 2 (2) [May 8, 2015]. ISSN 1099-2731. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2011-05-15）.
^ Van Ells, Mark D. Americans for Hitler. americainwwii.com. August 2007 [18 November 2012]. （原始內容存檔於2012-04-13）.
^ David Brion Davis, ed. The Fear of Conspiracy: Images of Un-American Subversion from the Revolution to the present (1971) pp. xviii–xix
^ Diamond, pp. 5–6
^ Lipset & Raab, pp. 162–64
^ Toy, Eckard V. Jr. Silver Shirts in the Northwest: Politics, Prophecies, and Personalities in the 1930s. The Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1989, 80 (4): 139–146. JSTOR 40491076.
^ http://www.ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/THR-SS1. (PDF). [2023-04-21]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2020-07-21）. 外部連結存在於|title= (幫助)

延伸閱讀[編輯]

Allen, Joe "'It Can't Happen Here?': Confronting the Fascist Threat in the US in the Late 1930s," International Socialist Review, Part One: whole no. 85 (Sept.-Oct. 2012), pp. 26–35; Part Two: whole no. 87 (Jan.-Feb. 2013), pp. 19–28.
Atwood, Sarah. 'This List Not Complete': Minnesota's Jewish Resistance to the Silver Legion of America, 1936–1940 (PDF). Minnesota History. Winter 2018–2019, 66 (4): 142–155 [2023-04-21]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2023-04-21）.
Ribuffo, Leo Paul The Old Christian Right: The Protestant Far Right from the Great Depression to the Cold War. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1983.
Spivak, John L. Secret Armies: The New Technique of Nazi Warfare. New York: Modern Age Books, 1939.
Werly, John The Millenarian Right: William Dudley Pelley and the Silver Legion of America. PhD dissertation. Syracuse University, 1972.
Yeadon, Glen. The Nazi Hydra in America. Joshua Tree, CA: Progressive Press, 2008.

外部連結[編輯]

Photo of a Silver Legion of America meeting in the 1930s:
The Holocaust Chronicle: PROLOGUE: Roots of the Holocaust, page 89 （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
The American Jewish Committees' archive on the Silver Shirts: （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
Atlas Obscura article on Rustic Canyon's Murphy Ranch （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

[Life-1] Beekman, Scott. William Dudley Pelley: A Life in Right-Wing Extremism and the Occult. Syracuse University Press. 2005-10-17: 2–3, 80–81, 87, 94, 162, 174, 206 [2023-04-21]. ISBN 978-0-8156-0819-6. （原始內容存檔於2023-05-15）（英語）.

[2] Elliston, J. (2019, July 15). Asheville's Fascist. Retrieved from https://wncmagazine.com/feature/asheville’s_fascist （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

[3] ttp://www.ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/THR-SS1.PDF （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） "The Silver Shirts: Their History, Founder, and Axtivities". August 24, 1933

[未命名_2-20231105163644-4] Schultz, Will. William Dudley Pelley (1885-1965). North Carolina History Project. [2020-02-04]. （原始內容存檔於2023-03-27）. 已忽略未知參數|df= (幫助)

[未命名_3-20231105163644-5] Barkun, Michael. Religion and the Racist Right: The Origins of the Christian Identity Movement. UNC Press Books. 1997: 91. ISBN 9780807846384.

[Silver_Shirts-6] Silver Shirts. Holocaust Online. [November 14, 2017]. （原始內容存檔於2019-06-14）.

[Bernstein-7] Bernstein, Arnie. 6 Things You May Not Have Known About Nazis in America. The History Reader. October 7, 2013 [November 14, 2017]. （原始內容存檔於2019-09-25）.

[未命名-20231105163644-8] 8.0 ^8.1 Schultz, Will. William Dudley Pelley (1885-1965). North Carolina History Project. [November 14, 2017]. （原始內容存檔於2023-03-27）.

[9] Lemmon, Sarah McCulloh. The Ideology of the 'Dixiecrat' Movement. Social Forces. December 1951, 30 (2): 162–71. JSTOR 2571628. doi:10.2307/2571628.

[10] Lobb, David. Fascist apocalypse: William Pelley and millennial extremism (PDF). Journal of Millennial Studies. 1999, 2 (2) [May 8, 2015]. ISSN 1099-2731. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2011-05-15）.

[americainwwii.com-11] Van Ells, Mark D. Americans for Hitler. americainwwii.com. August 2007 [18 November 2012]. （原始內容存檔於2012-04-13）.

[12] David Brion Davis, ed. The Fear of Conspiracy: Images of Un-American Subversion from the Revolution to the present (1971) pp. xviii–xix

[Diamond,_pp._5-6-13] Diamond, pp. 5–6

[14] Lipset & Raab, pp. 162–64

[15] Toy, Eckard V. Jr. Silver Shirts in the Northwest: Politics, Prophecies, and Personalities in the 1930s. The Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1989, 80 (4): 139–146. JSTOR 40491076.

[16] ttp://www.ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/THR-SS1. (PDF). [2023-04-21]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2020-07-21）. 外部連結存在於|title= (幫助)

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]