伊欧里斯柱式

伊欧里斯柱式是古典主义建筑中一种早期柱式。它与爱奥尼柱式十分相似，但柱顶不同。其柱顶上为一对螺旋形饰上方夹一棕叶饰，而非水平接在柱顶上。

历史[编辑]

此柱式源自叙利亚与腓尼基，得名于伊欧里斯群岛，^[1]发展于安那托利亚西北部，亦用于西西里岛和古巴勒斯坦的神庙中。^[2]

如今最早的伊欧里斯柱年代与爱奥尼柱，多立克柱的出现的年代同期，皆为公元前六世纪。一些专家认为爱奥尼柱式是伊欧里斯柱式的进化，但亦存异议。^[3]

一些伊特鲁里亚的坟墓中亦有与伊欧里斯柱相同的柱顶，但螺旋形饰间未夹棕叶饰。

伊欧里斯柱式在古风时期后期就被逐渐废弃。

^ Philip P. Betancourt. The Aeolic Style in Architecture: A Survey of its Development in Palestine, the Halikarnassos Peninsula, and Greece, 1000-500 B.C (Princeton University Press) 1977.
^ Yigal Shiloh. The Proto-Aeolic capital and Israelite ashlar masonry. Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. 1979.
^ The Art and Culture of Early Greece, 1100-480 B.C., p. 132, Cornell University Press, 1987 (rev. edn.), ISBN 080149401X, 9780801494017. [2017-03-20]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-03）.

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