瑪格達·盧佩斯庫
| 瑪格達·盧佩斯庫 Magda Lupescu | |
|---|---|
| 霍亨索倫-錫格馬林根公主 | |
 | |
| 出生 | 1899年9月15日 羅馬尼亞王國 雅西 |
| 逝世 | 1977年6月29日（77歲） 葡萄牙第二共和國 卡斯凱什埃什托里爾 |
| 配偶 |
|
| 王朝 | 霍亨索倫-錫格馬林根王朝 （通過婚姻） |
| 父親 | 尼古拉·盧佩斯庫 |
| 母親 | 伊莉絲·福爾克 |
| 宗教信仰 | 羅馬天主教 |
瑪格達·盧佩斯庫（羅馬尼亞語：Magda Lupescu，1899年9月15日[1]—1977年6月29日）[2]，是羅馬尼亞國王卡羅爾二世的情婦及第三任妻子，她在與國王結婚後被正式稱為「羅馬尼亞的埃琳娜公主」[3][4]。瑪格達長期被描述為「王座背後的力量」[5]，她雖然未享有官方地位，但她對卡羅爾二世而言是一位充滿魅力和影響力的伴侶[6]。直到1938年卡羅爾二世實行君主專制後，瑪格達才公開陪同國王行使政治職能，她在上流右翼圈子中間具有相當的影響力[7]。1940年9月6日，卡羅爾二世在首相揚·安東內斯庫的壓力下被迫退位[8]，瑪格達也和國王一起流亡海外並最終定居於葡萄牙。1977年6月29日，瑪格達在卡羅爾二世去世24年後病逝於埃什托里爾[9]。
參考資料[編輯]
- ^ Estimates of her birth date range at least from 1895 to 1902:
- "At Long Last", Time magazine, 14 July 1947. Online version accessed 21 March 2007: "In 1947, the ex-king was 53 years old. Magda never told anyone her age, but it was at least 50."
- Magda Lupescu （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, Encyclopædia Britannica online, accessed 21 March 2007. Only the first portion of the article can be accessed without subscription. Says "1896?"
- Lupescu, Magda 互聯網檔案館的存檔，存檔日期15 April 2007., Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2001–05. Accessed online 21 March 2007. Says "1896?"
- Elena Lupescu （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, ThePeerage.com, states a birthdate of 15 September 1895, for which they cite Marlene A. Eilers, Queen Victoria's Descendants (Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1987). Accessed online 21 March 2007.
- "The "Lupescu Issue" Echoes in the Realm of King Carol", The New York Times, 6 May 1934, p. XX5: "Her age is between 35 and 40."
- "Magda Lupescu, Woman behind Rumania's Throne, Is Dead at 81", The New York Times, 30 June 1977, p. 73
- "Magda Lupescu Dies at 81; Mistress, Wife of Former King of Romania", The Washington Post, 1 July 1977, p. C10
- "Attacks Are Renewed on Red-Haired Magda", The Washington Post, 25 December 1934, p. 3 refers to "his 36-year-old friend".
- "Carol Marries Lupescu, Ill", The Washington Post, 6 July 1947, p. M1: "Magda, who is 50"
- （羅馬尼亞語） Carol al II-lea, despartit dupa moarte de Duduie 互聯網檔案館的存檔，存檔日期3 March 2016., Jurnalul Naṭional, 16 February 2004, accessed online 21 March 2007, gives the date 2 September 1899.
- "Slight Gain Shown by Magda Lupescu", The New York Times, 8 July 1947, p. 12: "On the [marriage] petition Mme. Lupescu gave her year of birth as 1902"
- ^ Profile of Elena Lupescu. [2022-06-25]. （原始內容存檔於2022-06-25）.
- ^ Paul of Hohenzollern-Romania, p. 223; Cosma, p. 302
- ^ Paul of Hohenzollern-Romania, p. 223
- ^ Ernest Urdăreanu was supposed to have said, "I control the king, because I control Mrs. Lupescu". The statement is likely apocryphal, and there is no evidence that Urdăreanu exercised anything other than the control every able and loyal secretary exercises over his employer.
- ^ It was also said that Lupescu had established her own intelligence service (e.g., Cosma, p. 161), but that is probably a wild exaggeration. The same was said about virtually every prominent Romanian politician. For instance, Iuliu Maniu's private spy service was supposedly run by none other than Eugen Cristescu, later (1940–1944) head of Serviciul Secret de Informații, Romania's Secret Intelligence Service (Cosma, p. 177).
- ^ Carol's task was facilitated by the fact that, constitutionally as well as by tradition, Romanian monarchs were more closely involved in political life than their Western counterparts.
- ^ Paul of Hohenzollern-Romania, p. 206–214
- ^ Cosma, p. 302
文獻來源[編輯]
- Cosma, Neagu. (1998) Culisele Palatului Regal. Ediție revăzută și adăugită. București: Editura Globus. ISBN 973-49-0099-4.
- Easterman, A.L. (1942) King Carol, Hitler, and Lupescu, London: Victor Gollancz Ltd., especially the chapter "Who is Magda Lupescu", p. 69–85.
- Fischer-Galați, Stephen Alexander. (1991) Twentieth Century Rumania. 2nd ed. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-07463-8
- Ionescu, Șerban N. (1994) Who Was Who in Twentieth-Century Romania East European Monographs, No. 395. Boulder, New York: East European Monographs. ISBN 0-88033-292-1.
- Livezeanu, Irina. (1995) Cultural Politics in Greater Romania: Regionalism, Nation Building, and Ethnic Struggle, 1918–1930. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-8688-2.
- Pakula, Hannah. (1984) The Last Romantic: A Biography of Queen Marie of Roumania. New York: Simon and Schuster. ISBN 0-671-46364-0.
- Paul, Prince of Hohenzollern-Roumania. (1988) King Carol II: A Life of My Grandfather. London: Methuen. ISBN 0-413-16570-1.
- Quinlan, Paul D. (1995) The Playboy King: Carol II of Romania, Contributions to the Study of World History, No. 52. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-29519-0.
- St. John, Robert. (1957) Foreign Correspondent. 1st ed. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday.
外部連結[編輯]
- 在Find a Grave上的瑪格達·盧佩斯庫
- GENEALOGIES » Dethroned Houses » Greece » Genealogy on royalsportal.de. Accessed 23 January 2006.
- Congregatio Jesu România Includes a short history of the Institute of Mary in Romania, in Romanian.
- Police Report Bucharest police report on Elena Lupescu and her political influence, dated 29 June 1935, published by the Bucharest newspaper "Ziua" on 15 February 2003, in Romanian. Of questionable authenticity.
- Institute of Mary （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） The history of the Institute of Mary, from the Catholic Encyclopedia.
- Carol al II-lea nu mai încape[永久失效連結] Report on the arrangements to transfer the remains of Carol II and Elena Lupescu from Portugal to Romania, published by the newspaper "Adevarul" on 22 January 2003, in Romanian.
- Was Elena Lupescu a beautiful woman? （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） More images for Elena Lupescu, in Romanian.
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