約翰·厄爾·蘇利文

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約翰·厄爾·蘇利文
原文名John Earle Sullivan
性別男
出生1994年7月18日[1]
居住地 美國猶他州鹽湖郡桑迪市
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約翰·厄爾·蘇利文（英語：John Earle Sullivan，化名包括：Jayden X[2] 、Activist John[3]，1994年7月18日—）是長期居住於猶他州鹽湖郡桑迪市的一名美國政治運動家[4]。蘇利文曾以競速滑冰選手的身份參加了2018年冬季奧林匹克運動會的選拔賽，但未能入選。[5]

蘇利文是自稱反法西斯主義和抗議警察暴力的組織「美國叛亂」（Insurgence USA）的創始人，[6]這是一個在2020年夏天喬治·佛洛伊德之死事件後成立的政治活動組織。[7]許多媒體因此稱他與antifa有關聯，但聯邦政府隨後說他與antifa無關[8]。

早年生活[編輯]

蘇利文早年被一個維吉尼亞州的摩爾門教保守家庭收養，並在其中長大[9][3][10]，他的養父是美國陸軍中校。[9][3]他們一家隨後移居到了猶他州[11]。

蘇利文有一個同為領養的兄弟，詹姆斯·蘇利文（James Sullivan）。詹姆斯·蘇利文是一個名為「文明覺醒」（Civilized Awakening）的右翼組織的創始人[10][12]，詹姆斯曾在一次訪談中稱，約翰「直到最近」都是一個保守派。[3]

社會行動事蹟[編輯]

2020年6月29日，由機動車輛組成的「支持警察」（Back the Blue）示威活動在猶他州普若佛市警察局周圍舉行。蘇利文等人組織了反抗議活動，封鎖車輛。在抗議活動中，有人向一輛車開槍，一名司機受傷。一名叫傑西·塔格特（Jesse Taggart）的男子被控謀殺未遂。[13][14]蘇利文因抗議被捕。[15]據警方證詞，蘇利文在抗議期間損壞了車輛，並與他創立的反對警察暴力的反法西斯活動組織「美國叛亂」合作，招募抗議者進行抗議。[7][15][16]

2020年7月22日，蘇利文攜帶AR-15半自動步槍在猶他州議會大廈舉行了單人武裝抗議活動。他遭到猶他州公民警報組織（Utah Citizens' Alarm）的20名武裝人員的反抗議。抗議活動持續了數小時。[17][18]

2021年1月6日，在2021年衝擊美國國會大廈事件期間，蘇利文進入了國會大廈並拍攝了大量視頻，包括阿什利·巴比特（Ashli Babbit）的死亡視頻。[19][20][21]蘇利文後來向警方和FBI探員講述了槍擊事件。[22]他隨後在媒體的採訪中回應稱：「我覺得她（阿什利·巴比特）不應該死。她沒有武器。她什麼都沒有。」[23]

1月13日，蘇利文因「在處于禁區，民事騷亂和暴力進入或擾亂秩序的行為」被聯邦起訴。[24]FBI的一份證詞對他是攝影記者的說法提出了異議，因為他沒有記者證件。[25][26]

因為他在Facebook上使用過「#BLM」和「#Antifa」標籤，蘇利文成為了右翼陰謀論稱為反法西斯主義運動是國會大廈騷亂的幕後黑手的對象。雖然他聲稱自己是以攝影記者的身份到場，但他拍攝到自己在進入大樓前曾大喊「讓我們把這狗屎燒掉」（let's burn this shit down）。他說這是為了「混入」騷亂的人群中。[22]

雖然蘇利文反對唐納德·川普，但他在2020年美國總統選舉結果的問題上認同了川普支持者的觀點，相信該結果是偽造的。1月26日，蘇利文與信息大戰網站作戰室節目（英語：The War Room with Owen Shroyer）主持人歐文·施羅耶（Owen Shroyer）共同討論「左派和右派如何統一起來，擊敗全球主義者的議程」。在節目中，蘇利文認為喬·拜登在2020年美國總統選舉中的獲勝是可疑的。他提到，「你看不到有人打著拜登2020的旗幟舉行拜登集會，但是你卻會看到很多川普集會和川普2020集會。這就說明了一切。」「我是否認為可能存在某種錯誤計數或操縱？是的，我認為這是存在的。」[27]

參考資料[編輯]

  1. ^ Utah Activist Inside U.S. Capitol Says Woman Killed Was First To Attempt Entrance In House Chamber. KSLTV.com. 2021-01-07 [2021-01-15]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-10）. 
  2. ^ Dickinson, Tim. 'I Don't Think She Deserved to Die': Black Activist Who Filmed Ashli Babbitt Shooting Speaks Out. Rolling Stone. 2021-01-14 [2021-01-15]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-13）. John Sullivan was arrested and charged on January 14th, according to the Department of Justice, with "one count of knowingly entering or remaining in any restricted building or grounds without lawful authority, one count of violent entry and disorderly conduct on Capitol grounds, and one count of interfering with law enforcement engaged in the lawful performance of their official duties incident to and during the commission of civil disorder." An FBI affidavit discounts Sullivan's claim to be a journalist ... John Sullivan, a.k.a. Jayden X, is a civil rights activist and crowdfunded video journalist ... Sullivan's profile is unique: The 26-year-old is a resident of Utah and a former competitive speed skater who participated in the 2018 Olympic trials. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Mackey, Robert. John Sullivan, Who Filmed Shooting of Ashli Babbitt in Capitol, Detained on Federal Charges. The Intercept. 2021-01-14 [2021-01-15]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-15） （英語）. Sullivan, who began calling himself 「Activist John」 last summer 
  4. ^ Okoren, Nicolle. The birth of a militia: how an armed group polices Black Lives Matter protests. The Guardian. 2020-06-27 [2021-01-16]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-15） （英語）. Sullivan, one of the few black men organizing for racial justice in Utah, is not from Provo but Sandy, a suburb of Salt Lake City. 
  5. ^ KSL Olympic News Coverage. KSL-TV. 2018-01-07 [2020-01-15]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-15） –透過Sullivan's YouTube channel. 
  6. ^ Donaldson, Amy. Utah activist inside U.S. Capitol says woman killed was first to try and enter House chamber. Deseret News. 2021-01-07 [2021-01-15]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-15） （英語）. 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Jeff Tavss. Utah activist claims he was just documenting US Capitol insurgence. fox13now. 2021-01-09 [2021-01-14]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-15）. 
  8. ^ Curt Devine, Majlie de Puy Kamp and Scott Glover. Giuliani uses unfounded 'Antifa' argument to defend Trump. CNN. [2021-03-31]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-27）. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Marantz, Andrew. When Reporting Becomes a Defense for Rioting. The New Yorker. 2021-02-03 [2021-02-15]. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-17）. 
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 Gehrke, Robert. What we know about John Sullivan, charged with rioting at the U.S. Capitol. The Salt Lake Tribune. 2021-01-16 [2021-01-16]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-16） （英語）. 
  11. ^ Meet John: An Aspiring Speed Skater. Uber Blog. 2016-08-04 [2021-01-16]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-08）. 
  12. ^ This man turned in his own brother for his involvement in the Capitol insurrection. Wusa9.com. 2021-01-21 [2022-02-05]. （原始內容存檔於2022-02-02）. 
  13. ^ Knox, Annie. Utahn charged with shooting at driver during Provo protest ordered to pay higher bail or return to jail. Deseret News. 2020-08-04 [2021-01-15]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-09）. 
  14. ^ Roberts, Alyssa. Police: Man arrested for shooting at Provo protest is known. KUTV. 2020-07-03. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-10）. Some, including an organizer with Insurgence USA, indicated they believe the driver who was shot was trying to drive into protesters who were blocking the road. "After seeing the violence ... and everything that transpired that day, it came to my realization that this place needed it the most, because nowhere in Salt Lake City have I seen that just blatant hatred, people trying to run people over. Just disrespectful," John Sullivan told 2News. 
  15. ^ 15.0 15.1 Reavy, Pat. Organizer of Provo protest arrested, accused of rioting, making threats. Deseret News. 2020-07-10. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-15）. 
  16. ^ Richardson, Ryan. Top Utah County stories (2): Provo protests inspire state legislation. Utah Daily Herald. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-15）. One of the organizers of the event, 25-year-old John Earle Sullivan of Sandy, was also taken into custody for his involvement in the unlawful assembly. The protest was considered unlawful because organizers had not received a permit for the event, according to arrest documents. Sullivan and his organization, Insurgence USA, reportedly promoted the event online and made social media postings that advocated for other protesters to join. Authorities alleged that Sullivan committed riotous acts as a protest organizer, and he was arrested under the suspicion of third-degree felony rioting, class A misdemeanor criminal mischief and class B misdemeanor threat of violence. 
  17. ^ Ewan Palmer. 20 men with guns confront solo armed black protester at Utah Capitol. Newsweek. 2020-07-23 [2021-01-15]. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-30）. 
  18. ^ Nicolle Okoren. The birth of a militia: how an armed group polices Black Lives Matter protests. The Guardian. 2020-07-27 [2021-01-15]. （原始內容存檔於2020-12-30）. 
  19. ^ Foulger, Matthew. AFFIDAVIT IN SUPPORT OF CRIMINAL COMPLAINT AND ARREST WARRANT. U.S. Department of Justice. [2021-01-15]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-14）. 
  20. ^ Video shows fatal shooting of Ashli Babbitt in the Capitol. Washington Post via Seattle Times. 2021-01-08 [2021-01-15]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-11）. John Sullivan, a liberal activist who shoots video at a range of protests and who filmed the footage on Wednesday 
  21. ^ Ruiz, Michael. BLM activist inside Capitol claims he was 'documenting' riots. Fox News. [2021-01-15]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-15）. Sullivan says he was standing near Air Force veteran Ashli Babbitt when she was shot and killed in the Capitol, and video appears to show him on the scene. 
  22. ^ 22.0 22.1 McCarthy, Bill. Facebook posts wrongly claim left-wing activist, antifa 'incited' US Capitol mob. PolitiFact. 2021-01-08 [2021-01-14]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-15）. 
  23. ^ Dickinson, Tim. 'I Don't Think She Deserved to Die': Black Activist Who Filmed Ashli Babbitt Shooting Speaks Out. Rolling Stone. 2021-01-15 [2021-01-15]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-15） （美國英語）. 
  24. ^ Reavy, Pat. Salt Lake Valley man charged federally for alleged role in U.S. Capitol riot. Deseret News. 2021-01-14 [2021-01-14]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-15） （英語）. A Sandy man who participated in a pro-Trump rally at the U.S. Capitol that turned into a violent attack has been charged for his alleged involvement that day. John Earle Sullivan, 25, was charged federally on Wednesday with being on restricted property, civil disorder and 「violent entry or disorderly conduct,」 according to a complaint filed in U.S. District Court in the District of Columbia. 
  25. ^ Dickinson, Tim. John Sullivan, Who Filmed Ashli Babbitt Death at Capitol, Opens Up. Rolling Stone. 2021-01-14 [2021-01-15]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-15）. John Sullivan was arrested and charged on January 14th, according to the Department of Justice, with 「one count of knowingly entering or remaining in any restricted building or grounds without lawful authority, one count of violent entry and disorderly conduct on Capitol grounds, and one count of interfering with law enforcement engaged in the lawful performance of their official duties incident to and during the commission of civil disorder.」 An FBI affidavit discounts Sullivan’s claim to be a journalist .. Sullivan’s profile is unique: The 26-year-old is a resident of Utah and a former competitive speed skater who participated in the 2018 Olympic trials. 
  26. ^ Foulger, Matthew B. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. JOHN EARLE SULLIVAN. 2021-01-13 [2021-01-15]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-15）. He has admitted that he has no press credentials and the investigation has not revealed any connection between SULLIVAN and any journalistic organizations. 
  27. ^ 高芸 (編). 安提法頭目沙利文：拜登獲勝「有貓膩」. 看中國. 2021年1月30日 [2021年2月4日]. （原始內容存檔於2021年2月9日）. 

外部連結[編輯]

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