非诺特罗

**非诺特罗**
临床资料
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex详细消费者药物信息
给药途径	Inhalation (MDI（英语：Metered-dose inhaler）)
ATC码	R03AC04 (WHO) G02CA03;
法律规范状态
法律规范	澳：限药剂师（S3）; 加：处方药（℞-only）; 英：处方药（℞-only） (POM); 美：处方药（℞-only）;
药物动力学数据
生物半衰期	6.5小时左右
识别信息
	IUPAC命名法 (RR,SS)-5-(1-hydroxy-2-{[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methylethyl]amino}ethyl)benzene-1,3-diol; ;
CAS号	13392-18-2
PubChem CID	3343;
IUPHAR/BPS	557;
DrugBank	DB01288 ;
ChemSpider	3226 ;
UNII	22M9P70OQ9;
KEGG	D04157 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:149226 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL32800 ;
CompTox Dashboard（英语：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)	DTXSID4023046 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.205.960
化学信息
化学式	C17H21NO4
摩尔质量	303.35 g/mol
3D模型（JSmol（英语：JSmol））	交互式图像;
	SMILES Oc1cc(cc(O)c1)C(O)CNC(C)Cc2ccc(O)cc2;
	InChI InChI=1S/C17H21NO4/c1-11(6-12-2-4-14(19)5-3-12)18-10-17(22)13-7-15(20)9-16(21)8-13/h2-5,7-9,11,17-22H,6,10H2,1H3 ; Key:LSLYOANBFKQKPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;

非诺特罗（Fenoterol）是一种用来扩张呼吸道的β₂肾上腺素受体激动药。非诺特罗属于拟交感神经药 β₂ 刺激剂和气喘药。

非诺特罗由勃林格殷格翰制造和销售，商品名称为：Berotec N （备劳喘）。制造商有时也会把非诺特罗与ipratropium混和后销售，商品名称为 Berodual N （备喘全）。

医学用途[编辑]

非诺特罗是短效的 β₂刺激剂。当非诺特罗使用超过建议的医疗用剂量（每日最多只能吸入八剂、每剂量需间隔至少五分钟，若气喘状况没好转，则再吸入第二剂^[5]）时，也会成为β₁ 受体（英语：Beta-1 adrenergic receptor）刺激剂。

使用者可以于运动前吸入一剂，预防稍后因运动所诱发的气喘（气管痉挛）。^[6]

副作用[编辑]

已知曾有患者在急性气喘发作时吸入了高达80剂的非诺特罗，最终因而死亡。当患者发现非诺特罗已经无法缓解气喘时，应当停止吸入非诺特罗，并尽快就医。^[7]^[8]

参见[编辑]

运动引起的气喘（英语：Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction）

文献来源[编辑]

^ Fenoterol Hydrobromide Drug Information, Professional. Drugs.com. 1996-01-01 [2018-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-25）.
^ Fenoterol - Drug Monograph. DrugInfoSys.com. 2016-10-27 [2018-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-27）.
^ Berotec Inhalation Solution (Fenoterol HBr). RxMed.com. [2018-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-20）.
^ Svedmyr, Nils. Fenoterol: A Beta2-adrenergic Agonist for Use in Asthma; Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Clinical Efficacy and Adverse Effects. Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy (Wiley). 1985-05-06, 5 (3): 109–126. ISSN 0277-0008. doi:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1985.tb03409.x.
^ Berotec N/Concise Prescribing Info/Full Prescribing info. 2018-02-28 [2018-02-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-23）. Dosage / Direction for Use：
Acute Asthma Episodes: 1 puff is sufficient for prompt symptom relief in most cases, if breathing has not noticeably improved after 5 minutes, a second dose may be taken, up to a maximum of 8 puffs per day. If an attack has not been relieved by 2 puffs, further puffs may be required. In this situation, patients should consult the doctor or the nearest hospital immediately. (See Precautions).
Prophylaxis of Exercise Induced Asthma: 1-2 puffs prior to exercise, up to a maximum of 8 puffs per day.
Bronchial Asthma and Other Conditions with Reversible Airways Narrowing: If repeated dosing is required, 1-2 puffs for each administration, up to a maximum of 8 puffs per day.
^ Management of acute exacerbations of asthma in adults. UpToDate. [2018-06-25]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-25）.
^ Beasley R, Pearce N, Crane J, Burgess C. Withdrawal of 非诺特罗 and the end of the New Zealand asthma mortality epidemic. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology. 1995, 107 (1-3): 325–7. PMID 7613161. doi:10.1159/000237016.
^ Spitzer WO, Suissa S, Ernst P, et al. The use of beta-agonists and the risk of death and near death from asthma. The New England Journal of Medicine. February 1992, 326 (8): 501–6. PMID 1346340. doi:10.1056/NEJM199202203260801.

[Drugs.com_1996-1] Fenoterol Hydrobromide Drug Information, Professional. Drugs.com. 1996-01-01 [2018-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-25）.

[DrugInfoSys.com_2016-2] Fenoterol - Drug Monograph. DrugInfoSys.com. 2016-10-27 [2018-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-27）.

[RxMed.com-3] Berotec Inhalation Solution (Fenoterol HBr). RxMed.com. [2018-06-11]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-20）.

[Svedmyr_pp._109–126-4] Svedmyr, Nils. Fenoterol: A Beta2-adrenergic Agonist for Use in Asthma; Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Clinical Efficacy and Adverse Effects. Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy (Wiley). 1985-05-06, 5 (3): 109–126. ISSN 0277-0008. doi:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1985.tb03409.x.

[5] Berotec N/Concise Prescribing Info/Full Prescribing info. 2018-02-28 [2018-02-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-23）. Dosage / Direction for Use：
Acute Asthma Episodes: 1 puff is sufficient for prompt symptom relief in most cases, if breathing has not noticeably improved after 5 minutes, a second dose may be taken, up to a maximum of 8 puffs per day. If an attack has not been relieved by 2 puffs, further puffs may be required. In this situation, patients should consult the doctor or the nearest hospital immediately. (See Precautions).
Prophylaxis of Exercise Induced Asthma: 1-2 puffs prior to exercise, up to a maximum of 8 puffs per day.
Bronchial Asthma and Other Conditions with Reversible Airways Narrowing: If repeated dosing is required, 1-2 puffs for each administration, up to a maximum of 8 puffs per day.

[UpToDate-6] Management of acute exacerbations of asthma in adults. UpToDate. [2018-06-25]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-25）.

[pmid7613161-7] Beasley R, Pearce N, Crane J, Burgess C. Withdrawal of 非诺特罗 and the end of the New Zealand asthma mortality epidemic. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology. 1995, 107 (1-3): 325–7. PMID 7613161. doi:10.1159/000237016.

[pmid1346340-8] Spitzer WO, Suissa S, Ernst P, et al. The use of beta-agonists and the risk of death and near death from asthma. The New England Journal of Medicine. February 1992, 326 (8): 501–6. PMID 1346340. doi:10.1056/NEJM199202203260801.

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