Help:撒丁语国际音标

這頁是維基百科的撒丁语国际音标發音指南。

下列图表展示了在维基百科条目中用國際音標（IPA）表示薩丁尼亞語发音的方式。对于有关在维基百科条目中添加IPA字符的指南，请参见{{IPA-sc}}与Wikipedia:格式手册/音标 § Notes。

请参阅撒丁语音系（英语：Sardinian phonology）以更全面地了解撒丁语的发音。

辅音
IPA	示例	英语中的相同或近似发音
b	baca, bia, bàbaru	bike
β	abauditu, ebreu, nebodaza^[1]	介于 baby 和 bevy 之间
d	dormi, sardu, doadura, (洛古多罗方言) andalibeni	done
dz	acasazare, pranzu, cazare	介于 buds 和 budge 之间
dʒ	gioba, Barbagia, culingiosso, panagèlicu	budge
ɖ	abbaraddadu, mundu, cherveddu [keɾˈveɖːu] （幫助·關於）^[2]	dine (印度英语)
ð	abbacada, cantat [ˈkantaða], a therga^[1]	this
f	foras, ufanu	fast
ɡ	gabbia, gherra, ghia, sangrau, fogu	gas
ɣ	buttega, sa gherra, arcu ’e chelu^[1]	略像 go
k	corsía, àlpaca, chelu, cuadra, bruke, piachente^[3]	scar
l	levantinu, abbalaucadu^[2]	lip
ʎ	brigliaju, origlietas, bragliosu, contissigliu^[2]	略像 million
m	meledada, mamudinu, acampàda^[2]^[4]	mother
ɱ	cunforma^[4]	some
n	nebodaza, energía^[2]	nest
ŋ	síncheru, abbiènghidu^[4]	sing
ɲ	apitzigàgnulu, gnagnajolu^[2]	略像 canyon
ɳ	afandare, mundu	略像 corndog
p	pabasolu, písiri, splajare, ’alvispaltu	spin
ɾ	carena, dijimire	atom (美国英语)
r	rasada, ferrutzos	颤音r
s	secada, stantes, dilmissu	介于 sip 和 ship 之间
ʃ	scelestu, lescenscia, balascios, isciri	ship
t	taneddu, àteu	star
ts	(洛古多罗方言) tzacare, tzarra, catzare, Tzitzeddu, (坎皮达诺方言) tzaccau, tzitadi	介于 cats 和 catch 之间
tʃ	ciabbata, cedda, cibbu, ciacosu, celibbadu	catch
θ	althrolitu, furrithu, tharalau, atheddina, istathu	thin
v	vacada, servu, jurafalzu, sa faína	vent
z	casara, ixemplu, stantes [ˈstantɛzɛ], su sole	介于 zone 和 genre 之间
ʒ	(洛古多罗方言) abbajocada, ajozi, conjugadu, ojos, (坎皮达诺方言) paxi, axedu, dexi	genre
ʔ^[5]	pacu, connòschere, sa pache, sa luna	getting (考克尼口音)

元音
IPA	示例	英语中的相同或近似发音
a	Arba, areddare, àteru, proiàt	略像 father
e	meri, panagèlicu, ghèneru^[6]	略像 pay
ɛ	xena, lèghere, isdentadu	bed
i	filu, síncheru, paxi, ixemplu	see
o	ogru, còtzula, abbaosu^[6]	law (英國英語)
ɔ	connòschere, ogros, cando	off
u	domu, úrtima	too

半元音
j	eja, (洛古多罗方言) gioja,^[7] calzulaieddu,^[8] (坎皮达诺方言) Sardinnia^[9]	you

超音段音位
IPA	示例	解释
ˈ	cantat [ˈkantaða]	主重音
ˌ	propiamente [ˌpɾopi.aˈmɛntɛ]	次重音
.	via [ˈvi.a]	音节中断
ː	fillu [ˈfilːu]	延长辅音^[2]

注释[编辑]

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Phonemic /b/, /d/, /ɡ/ between vowels are usually realized as [β], [ð], [ɣ], and sometimes even omitted. Omission does not normally occur when those are the realizations for phonemic /p/, /t/, /θ/, /k/.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 Gemination, here represented by ⟨ː⟩, is only distinctive for the pairs /l, lː/, /m, mː/ and /n, nː/, and and only occurs after a vowel, where it also occurs for [ɖː], [ʎː] and [ɲː] (the latter two being common realizations of /lːj/ and /nːj/, respectively).
^ Usually, /k/ is written down following either the Italian style (by using ⟨ch⟩ before e and i: e.g. anchilla, chelu, chena, chi, etc.), the Byzantine style (by using ⟨k⟩: e.g. ankilla, kelu, kena, ki, etc.) or (now rare) the Spanish style (by using ⟨qu⟩ before e and i: e.g. anquilla, quelu, quena, qui, etc.)
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Nasal consonants always assimilate their place of articulation to that of the following consonant. Thus, the n in /nɡ/~/nk/ is velar [ŋ], but before /v/ or /f/, it is labiodental [ɱ]. It is [m] only before /p/, /b/ or /m/ and [ɳ] before /ɖ/.
^ Glottal stops usually occur for intervocalic /k/ in some dialects of Barbagia, and for intervocalic /l/ and /n/ in some dialects of Sarrabus.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 /ɛ/ and /ɔ/ are realized as [e] and [o], respectively, if the following syllable contains /i/, /u/, a palatal, or another occurrence of [e] or [o]. This is not the case if [i] results from a phonemic /ɛ/.
^ One of the cases in which the grapheme ⟨j⟩ does not represent the sound [ʒ].
^ A rare case, using the grapheme ⟨i⟩, normally representing a full vowel /i/.
^ Phonetically transcribed as [saɾˈdinːja], as opposed to Sardigna in 洛古多罗方言, transcribed as [saɾˈdiɲːa]. In Campidanese this semivowel is more usual.

注释[编辑]

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